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Quadriplegia Due to Potassium Depletion: A Case Report
Rachid Sirbou,
Ahmed Belkouch,
Lahcen Belyamani
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
104-105
Received:
2 October 2014
Accepted:
15 October 2014
Published:
30 October 2014
Abstract: Hypokalemia is a very frequent metabolic disorder seen in emergency medicine, paralysis related to depletion hypokalemia is rare. We present the case of a 22 years old male patient who presented with flaccid quadriplegia after vomiting. After potassium supplementation the patient completely recovered. We will explain through this case the pathogenesis of this paralysis and different pitfalls that must be avoided.
Abstract: Hypokalemia is a very frequent metabolic disorder seen in emergency medicine, paralysis related to depletion hypokalemia is rare. We present the case of a 22 years old male patient who presented with flaccid quadriplegia after vomiting. After potassium supplementation the patient completely recovered. We will explain through this case the pathogene...
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Psoriasis at Ayder Referral Hospital among Patients Attending Dermatology Clinic, Mekelle, North Ethiopia
Sintayehu Worku Aynalem,
Workalemahu Alemu,
Alemayehu Bayray,
Tilahun Belete Mossie
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
106-110
Received:
8 September 2014
Accepted:
25 September 2014
Published:
30 October 2014
Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin condition.The prevalence of psoriasis varies in different population from 0.1% to 11%. It can classify in to type one (< 40 yrs) and type two (>=40 yrs). And also classified into four major categories; chronic plaque psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, pustular psoriasis and erthroderma. The objective of this study was to assess magnitude and factors associated with psoriasis. Methods: A cross-sectional study design and convenient sampling technique was implemented at Ayder referral hospital dermatologic unit until sample size (422) was fulfilled. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis was done. . The magnitude of psoriasis was 5.4% where majorities (81%) of psoriasis cases were chronic plaque. Multiple site involvement (42.9%) (arms, trunk and leg) were the main characteristics. Marital status (widowed/divorced) (AOR= 7.75, 95%CI (1.58, 37.98)) and complaining joint pain (AOR=7.66, 95%CI (2.24, 26.17)) were significantly associated with psoriasis. Conclusion: The magnitude of psoriasis in ARH was relatively higher. Having history of joint pain and being divorced/ widowed were significantly associated with occurrence of psoriasis. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of joint pain, minimizing social stressor conditions such as divorce and providing emotional and psychological support were recommended.
Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin condition.The prevalence of psoriasis varies in different population from 0.1% to 11%. It can classify in to type one (< 40 yrs) and type two (>=40 yrs). And also classified into four major categories; chronic plaque psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, pustular psoriasis and erthroderma. The objective of this study w...
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The Current Status of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and the Pattern of Lesions in Ochollo Primary School Students, Ochollo, Southwestern Ethiopia
Gessessew Bugssa,
Asrat Hailu,
Balem Demtsu
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
111-116
Received:
3 October 2014
Accepted:
11 October 2014
Published:
30 October 2014
Abstract: Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector borne disease caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan leishmania. Objective:To assess the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis and pattern of lesions in Dega Ochollo primary school students, Ochollo, Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 523 school children aging between 6 to 25 years. The students were physically examined for the presence of scar and active lesions. Skin slit and blood were collected from students with suspected active lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Scraps were cultured in Nicolle-Novy-MacNeal(NNN) medium and serological tests were performed using direct agglutination test (DAT). Results: The overall prevalence of tegumentary leishmaniasis including both scar and active lesions among the 523 students which underwent physical examination was 65.8 %. Besides, the study revealed that 64.8% of the participants had current and/or past lesion of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The prevalence of Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and recidivan was 0.2% and 0.8%, respectively. Three hundred and thirteen (59.8%) students were with scar and 21(4.01%) were with active lesions whereas 8(1.5%) of the cases had both scar and active lesions. Majority (49.71%) of the participants belonging to the age group 11-15 years old were the most affected group (p-value<0.05). The average number of scars and lesions per patient was calculated to be 1.5 and 1.7, respectively. Majority (64.17%) of the cases had single scars while 22.74%, 7.48%, and 5.61% of them had double, triple, and four and above, respectively. The scars were more localized above the neck (82.16%) where the highest (54.56%) proportion of the scars was distributed on check. Of the 29 participants who had active lesions, 4(13.8%) of them were found to be culture positive and one patient was also positive for DAT out of these culture positive patients. One smear positive sample was also found among the samples which were positive for NNN medium. Conclusions: cutaneous leishmaniasis is prevalent in the area causing disfigurement and resulting social stigmatization. This calls for the implementation of prevention and control measures including treatment of infected individuals.
Abstract: Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector borne disease caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan leishmania. Objective:To assess the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis and pattern of lesions in Dega Ochollo primary school students, Ochollo, Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 523 school children aging ...
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Associations between HBeAg Status, HBV DNA, ALT Level and Liver Histopathology in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
117-123
Received:
22 October 2014
Accepted:
5 November 2014
Published:
10 November 2014
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a significant healthcare problem all over the world. Between January 2009 and May 2014, a total of 96 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were enrolled in study. A total of 96 CHB cases were examined. The mean total liver histological activity indices for grade and stage were 6.01±2.46, and 1.6±0.99 and the mean ALT and AST levels were 32.6 ±21.0 IU/L and 25.6 ±11.2 IU/L, respectively. The mean HBV DNA level was 8.9 x106±3.3106 IU/mL. Forty (41.7%) patients had HBV DNA <20 IU/Ml (undetectable) and 14 (14.6%) patients had HBV DNA levels between 21 and 2000 IU/mL. Of the total 96 patients, 100% were HBsAg positive, 88 (91.7%) were HBeAg negative and 8 (8.3%) were HBeAg positive. A significant correlation was found between the HBeAg serostatus, HBV DNA level and the histological activity index necroinflammatory total scores (P= 0.034 and 0.000). We found no correlation between the fibrosis score and HBeAg status (P= 0.451). However, a statistically significant difference was found between HBV DNA levels and stage of fibrosis (P= 0.048). A significant relationship was found between the HBeAg status, HBV DNA level and ALT and AST levels (P= 0.000, 0.000, 0.032, 0.024). The HBeAg status of CHB patients should not affect the treatment response or need for long-term follow-up visits with repeat ALT and HBV DNA levels. However, chronic hepatitis patients who are negative for HBeAg may need different short-term follow-up.
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a significant healthcare problem all over the world. Between January 2009 and May 2014, a total of 96 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were enrolled in study. A total of 96 CHB cases were examined. The mean total liver histological activity indices for grade and stage were 6.01±2.46, and 1.6±0.99 an...
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Evaluation of Reproducibility of Prognostic Index and Nomogram in Prognosis, and Therapeutically Approach of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia-Single Centre Experience
Trajkova Sanja,
Cevreska Lidija,
Ivanovski Martin,
Dukovski Dusko,
Simjanovska-Popova Marija,
Stankovik Svetlana,
Panovska-Stavridis Irina
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
124-128
Received:
16 November 2014
Accepted:
24 November 2014
Published:
27 November 2014
Abstract: At this time staging and prognostication of Chronic lymphocytic leukemia( CLL) is performed by 2 equivalent clinical staging systems developed 30 to 35 years ago by Binet and Rai Both systems use low-cost, simple components such as blood counts and physical examination to identify 3 major prognostic subgroups. Despite these advantages, the clinical staging systems do not reflect the high unpredictability of CLL, nor do they account for known biological characteristics of CLL cells predicting survival and response to therapy. That was the motivation for Mayo Clinic, and Wierda proposed to combine a set of clinical risk factors, to develop a prognostic index (PI) stratifying patients in three risk groups with different expected median survival, and a nomogram, estimating individual patient survivals. Here we report the results from a study designed to evaluate Wierda`s nomogram and prognostic index on Macedonian CLL population. Material and methods: We analyzed medical data of 300 CLL patients diagnosed and treated at University Clinic of Hematology -Skopje Macedonia from a period of 10 years. We used Wierda`s prognostics index and a nomogram, to see 5- and 10-year survival probability and estimated median survival time. Results: There were 300 CLL patients who had traditional and biological prognostic factors evaluated. According to prognostic index a classification tree was built that identified three subsets of patients. Estimated median survival at low risk subset of patients with prognostic nomogram <80 was 68, 7 months, and 37, 5 months respectively at high risk subsets of patients with prognostic nomogram >80. Projected survival in respectively low, intermediate and high-risk groups was 91, 7%, 80%, 50%, and 81, 5%, 60%, 10% at 5-year and10-year, respectively. Conclusion: We use this model to identify patients at high risk for progression to treatment and we are experiencing a paradigm shift toward personalized medicine. This prognostic model may help patients and clinicians in clinical decision making as well as in clinical research and clinical trial design.
Abstract: At this time staging and prognostication of Chronic lymphocytic leukemia( CLL) is performed by 2 equivalent clinical staging systems developed 30 to 35 years ago by Binet and Rai Both systems use low-cost, simple components such as blood counts and physical examination to identify 3 major prognostic subgroups. Despite these advantages, the clinical...
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Acne at Ayder Referral Hospital among Patients Attending Dermatologic Clinic, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia, September 2014
Efa Ambaw Bogino,
Mairie Guizaw Kebede,
Alemayehu Bayray Kahsay
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
Pages:
129-134
Received:
11 November 2014
Accepted:
25 November 2014
Published:
27 November 2014
Abstract: Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebceous units with a clinical picture which vary significantly from mild comedonal acne to fulminant systemic disease. Acne has a significant impact on appearance, causing psychosocial and emotional distress, and reducing quality of life of the affected patients. Acne distresses patients due to the fact that it mainly affects the face, being easily visible and constantly present in everyday life. So the aim of this study will be minimizing the gap on magnitude and factors associated with acne at Ayder Referral Hospital.Objectives: To assess the magnitude and factors associated with acne among patients attending dermatologic clinic at Ayder referral hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional based cross sectional study design and sequential convenience sampling technique was implemented at Ayder referral hospital dermatologic Unit until sample size (423) is fulfilled. A total sample size (402) of data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was done. Data was presented in the form of tables, graphs and numerical measures. Also it was interpreted by using odds ratio, confidence interval of 95% and p-value less than 0.05.Result: The magnitude of acne in ARH, dermatologic OPD was 19.4%. Mean age of patients with acne were 20.6(±4.6)yrs while the mean age at acne start were 17.56(±3.22)yrs. From total of 78 acne patients female accounts 41(52.6%), Urban resident 66(84%) and never married were 65(83.3%). Age (11-20yrs), urban resident, never married individuals, history of acne in the family and cosmetics use were statistically associated with acne on bivariate analysis while family history of acne (AOR7.72(2.99,19.88)CI95%), cosmetics use (AOR4.83(1.66,14.08),CI95%) and never married individuals (AOR2.68(1.04,6.91(CI95%) were significantly associated variables with acne on multivariate analysis.Conclusion and recommendation: The magnitude of acne in ARH was 19.4% and the associated factors were presence of acne in the family and use of cosmetic make-up. People should avoid use of cosmetics make-up without medical advice.
Abstract: Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebceous units with a clinical picture which vary significantly from mild comedonal acne to fulminant systemic disease. Acne has a significant impact on appearance, causing psychosocial and emotional distress, and reducing quality of life of the affected patients. Acne distresses patients du...
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